Crypt-analysis

                             

•  The goal of cryptanalysis is to find some weakness or insecurity in a cryptographic scheme, thus permitting its subversion or evasion.

•  It is a common misconception that every encryption method can be broken.

•  In connection with his WWII work at Bell Labs proved that the one-time pad cipher is unbreakable, provided the key material is truly random, never reused, kept secret from all possible attackers, and of equal or greater length than the message. 

•  Most ciphers, apart from the one-time pad, can be broken with enough computational effort by brute force attack, but the amount of effort needed may be exponentially dependent on the key size, as compared to the effort needed to make use of the cipher.

• In such cases, effective security could be achieved if it is proven that the effort required is beyond the ability of any adversary.

• This means it must be shown that no efficient method can be found to break the cipher.

•  Since no such proof has been found to date, the one-time-pad remains the only theoretically unbreakable cipher.

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